ErrGroup使用场景示例
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err_group/weather.go
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80
err_group/weather.go
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package err_group
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import (
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"context"
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"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
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"math/rand"
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"time"
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)
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type WeatherData struct {
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City string
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Weather string
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Temp int
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}
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var WeatherList = []string{"晴", "阴", "多云", "小雨", "大雨"}
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// fetchWeatherData 获取天气数据
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func fetchWeatherData(ctx context.Context, city string) (*WeatherData, error) {
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done := make(chan struct{}, 1) // 用于指示数据获取成功完成
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data := new(WeatherData)
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// 启动一个goroutine来获取天气数据
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go func() {
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// 这里仅为示例,实际中这里会是API调用
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// 为了模拟可能出现的超时或错误情况,这里随机地休眠一段时间
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time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Intn(500)) * time.Millisecond)
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data.City = city
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// 随机天气
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data.Weather = WeatherList[rand.Intn(len(WeatherList))]
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// 随机温度
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data.Temp = rand.Intn(40)
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done <- struct{}{}
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}()
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select {
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case <-ctx.Done():
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// 如果上下文被取消,返回错误
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return nil, ctx.Err()
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case <-done:
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// 如果数据获取成功完成,返回数据
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return data, nil
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}
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}
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func GetAllCityWeatherData(timeOut time.Duration) ([]*WeatherData, error) {
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// 创建一个携带cancel的context
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ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeOut)
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defer cancel() // 确保所有路径都调用cancel
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list := make([]*WeatherData, 0)
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// 初始化一个ErrGroup对象
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g, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
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// 城市列表
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cities := []string{"New York", "Tokyo", "Berlin", "Paris", "Beijing"}
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// 循环启动goroutine来获取每个城市的天气数据
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for _, city := range cities {
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city := city
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g.Go(func() error {
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// FetchWeatherData使用了上下文,如果上下文被取消,它应该立刻尝试返回
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data, err := fetchWeatherData(ctx, city)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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// 如果没有错误,将数据添加到列表中
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list = append(list, data)
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return nil
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})
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}
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// 等待所有goroutine完成或出现错误
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if err := g.Wait(); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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return list, nil
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}
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17
err_group/weather_test.go
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17
err_group/weather_test.go
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package err_group
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import (
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"testing"
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"time"
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)
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func TestGetAllCityWeatherData(t *testing.T) {
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list, err := GetAllCityWeatherData(500 * time.Millisecond)
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if err != nil {
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t.Fatal(err)
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}
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for _, data := range list {
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t.Logf("%s: %s, %d", data.City, data.Weather, data.Temp)
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}
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}
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